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美国最高法院通过Katz v.United States案确立了“隐私的合理期待”标准,以界定宪法第四修正案中刑事搜查的含义。该标准对我国技术侦查的界定具有重要的借鉴意义。在适用前提上,应慎用技术侦查措施,将其作为最后的侦查手段;在适用案件上,应综合考虑案情复杂程度、涉案数额、可能判处刑罚等因素,界定技术侦查的启动条件;在适用对象上,应犯罪嫌疑人作为应当适用对象,将犯罪嫌疑人的近亲属、与犯罪嫌疑人关系密切的人员以及其他可能涉案的人员作为可以适用对象,同时排除对被害人、证人的适用。
The U.S. Supreme Court established the “reasonable expectation of privacy” standard through Katz v. United States States to define the meaning of criminal search in the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution. The standard of our country’s technical investigation of the definition of an important reference. On the premise of application, technical investigation measures should be used with caution as the last means of investigation. In the applicable cases, the conditions for the initiation of technical investigation should be defined by comprehensively considering the complexity of the case, the amount involved and the possibility of sentence. For the target, the suspect should be the object of application, and the close relatives of the criminal suspect, the person close to the criminal suspect and other persons who may be involved may be applicable, and the application to victims and witnesses should be excluded.