观察是化学实验过程中学生学习和掌握化学知识的一种重要实践活动。它不仅能激发学生学习化学的兴趣,而且还能使学生认知必要的化学现象和化学事实,验证化学假说和化学理论,更是培养学生观察能力和实事求是的科学态度的一种手段。要对化学现象进行客观、全面、准确的观察,必须掌握正确的观察方法。观察方法是人们有目的、有计划地通过感官或科学仪器认识被观察对象的一种科学方法。它告诉人们如何进行观察活动,即观察什么、怎样观察和观察应遵循的一般原则等。观察分为自然观察和实验观察。化学教学中的观察绝大多数属于实验观察。在化学实验中,要培养学生运用观察方法进行准确观察的能力,就必须教育学生懂得观察的目的性、客观性、全面性 Observation is an important practical activity for students to learn and master chemical knowledge during chemical experiment. It can not only stimulate students ’interest in learning chemistry, but also enable students to recognize the necessary chemical phenomena and chemical facts, verify the chemical hypothesis and chemistry theory, and it is also a means of cultivating students’ scientific observation ability and seeking truth from facts. To observe the chemical phenomenon objectively, comprehensively and accurately, we must master the correct observation method. The observation method is a scientific method by which people know the observed object purposefully and systematically through sensory or scientific instruments. It tells people how to conduct observation activities, that is, what to observe, how to observe and observe the general principles to be followed. Observation is divided into natural observation and experimental observation. The vast majority of observations in chemistry teaching belong to experimental observation. In chemical experiments, to train students to use observation methods to accurately observe the ability to teach students must understand the purpose of observation, objectivity, comprehensiveness