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细胞凋亡(apoptosis)是细胞自然衰老、死亡的一种形式,是一切生物正常胚胎发生过程和人类发育过程细胞清除的正常途径。这一过程的紊乱,将导致人类发生多种疾病。许多研究资料表明,肿瘤的发生与细胞凋亡有密切关系,细胞凋亡异常在肿瘤发生和发展过程中具有非常重要的病理生理意义,细胞凋亡参与肿瘤的起始过程,并对癌症的发生起负相调控作用,Dive认为肿瘤的化疗、放疗的目的就是诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。因此,在肝癌的治疗中不断地探讨新方法新途径,包括化疗药物、放射线、细胞因子、激素和基因编码等。近年来大量实验研究发现,肝癌细胞可以通过人为地触发细胞凋亡而被清除。其中药物诱导细胞凋亡对今后肝癌治疗研究提供了诱人的前景。不同种类的化学药物,生物药物和中药对不同种类肿瘤敏感细胞有促进凋亡作用。部分化疗药物、生物药在体外实验中能诱导肝癌细胞凋亡,如顺铂、环磷酰胺、阿霉素、细胞因子等。下面就药物诱导细胞凋亡治疗肝癌研究简要综述如下。
Apoptosis is a form of natural aging and death of cells. It is a normal way for all organisms to undergo normal embryogenesis and cell clearance during human development. Disturbance in this process will lead to many diseases in humans. Many research data indicate that the occurrence of tumors is closely related to apoptosis. Abnormal apoptosis has a very important pathophysiological significance in the process of tumor development and progression. Apoptosis is involved in the initiation of tumors and the occurrence of cancer. Negatively regulated, Dive believes that the purpose of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for tumors is to induce tumor cell apoptosis. Therefore, in the treatment of liver cancer, new methods and approaches are continuously explored, including chemotherapy drugs, radiation, cytokines, hormones, and gene coding. In recent years, a large number of experimental studies have found that liver cancer cells can be cleared by artificially triggering apoptosis. Among them, drug-induced apoptosis has provided an attractive prospect for the treatment of liver cancer in the future. Different kinds of chemical drugs, biopharmaceuticals and Chinese herbs can promote apoptosis in different kinds of tumor-sensitive cells. Some chemotherapeutic drugs and biological drugs can induce apoptosis of liver cancer cells in vitro, such as cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cytokines. The following is a brief review of the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with drug-induced apoptosis.