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台湾的水果种类丰富,品质和风味优良,但由于台湾是桔小实蝇(Dacus dorsalis Hendel)及瓜实蝇(Chaetoclacus cucurbitae Coquillett)的发生区域,水果的出口受检疫标准的制约。为打开水果出口局面,1969年台湾开发了二溴化乙烯(EDB)处理柑桔类的技术,使其柑桔类果实可以出口日本。其后,因发现EDB有致癌性,自1987年开始,在对日出口的鲜果检疫处理中,全面禁止使用EDB。为此,台湾开始积极开发取代EDB处理法的新检疫法。1997年,台湾开发出了无残留毒性的物理性蒸热处理、低温处理及蒸热-低温复合处理等技术,应用于文旦、柚、椪柑、荔枝、杨桃、杧果和葡萄等多种鲜果的防疫,获得了进口国的认证,实现了对日、美、韩等国的鲜果出口。1 影响检疫处理技术开发的主要因子 要建立适当而有效的检疫处理系统,除了下述
Taiwan has a rich variety of fruits and excellent quality and flavor, but because Taiwan is the region where Dacus dorsalis Hendel and Chaetoclacus cucurbitae Coquillett occur, the export of fruits is regulated by quarantine standards. In order to open up the fruit export situation, in 1969 Taiwan developed ethylene dibromide (EDB) technology to treat citrus fruits so that citrus fruits can be exported to Japan. Since then, EDB has been found to be carcinogenic. Since 1987, the use of EDB has been banned in the quarantine of fresh fruit exported to Japan. To this end, Taiwan began to actively develop new quarantine laws that replace the EDB treatment method. In 1997, Taiwan developed technologies such as physical steaming heat treatment, low-temperature treatment and steam-heating-low temperature compounding treatment without residual toxicity, and applied to the prevention of epidemics of various fruits such as pomelo, pomelo, ponkan, litchi, starfruit, pod and grape. , Acquired the certification of the importing country and realized the export of fresh fruit to Japan, the United States, South Korea and other countries. 1 The main factors affecting the development of quarantine treatment technologies are the establishment of an appropriate and effective quarantine treatment system in addition to the following