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地震地表破裂是地壳弹性应变转化为永久性构造变形的表现形式.2001年昆仑山地震在东昆仑断裂带库赛湖段产生的地表破裂带整体长426km,由西部剪切走滑破裂段、中部张剪切破裂段和东部剪切走滑破裂段等3个相对独立的地表破裂段组成,即昆仑山地震由震级为Mw=6.8,Mw=6.2和Mw≤7.8的3次地震破裂事件组成,其中东段Mw≤7.8级地震为昆仑山地震主震,由4次更次级地震事件组成.野外测量表明,不同段落上单条地表破裂宽度一般介于数米至15m,最大不超过30m;组合地表破裂带的宽度主要取决于几何结构,特别是次级地表破裂带斜列区的宽度,具有变形局部化的基本特征.结合东昆仑断裂带第四纪地质速率与GPS监测应变速率一致性,2001年昆仑山地震地表破裂局部化特征说明,青藏高原北部巴颜喀拉与祁连-柴达木两大块体间的构造变形主要表现为东昆仑断裂带宽度有限的剪切走滑错动,东昆仑山断裂带南北两侧块体具有整体运动特征.地震破裂局部化特征对确定重大工程、居民住宅和生命线工程等免遭走滑断层同震地表错动引起直接破坏的避让带宽度具有十分重要现实意义.
Earthquake surface rupture is a manifestation of crustal elastic strain transforming into permanent tectonic deformation. The surface rupture zone in the Kunlun Mountains earthquake in 2001 caused by the Kunlun Mountains earthquake in East Kunlun Fault Zone is 426 km long in total, Zhang Shekan section and eastern Shear-strike-slip rupture section. The Kunlun Mountain earthquake consists of 3 earthquake ruptures with Mw = 6.8, Mw = 6.2 and Mw≤7.8, Among them, the Mw≤7.8 earthquake in the eastern segment is the main earthquake of the Kunlun Mountains earthquake and consists of 4 more sub-seismogenic events.The field measurements show that the width of a single surface rupture on different sections is generally several meters to 15 meters and the maximum is not more than 30 meters; The width of the surface rupture zone mainly depends on the geometric structure, especially the width of the oblique subsurface rupture zone, which has the basic characteristics of deformation localization.Based on the consistency of the quaternary geological rate and the GPS monitoring strain rate in the East Kunlun fault zone, The characteristics of the surface rupture in the Kunlun Mountains in 2001 show that the tectonic deformation between the two blocks of the Bayan Har and Qilian-Qaidam blocks in the northern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is characterized by the limited shear of the eastern Kunlun fault zone Slip movement, the East Kunlun Mountains fault blocks on both sides of the north-south block with the overall movement characteristics.Seismic rupture of the localization of major projects to determine the project, residential and lifeline projects from the strike-slip fault coseismic surface dislocation caused direct destruction avoidance Band width has very important practical significance.