为深入研究近距离厚煤层组综放开采覆岩破坏规律,并为合理留设露头区安全煤(岩)柱提供数据依据,指导浅部工作面防治溃水、溃砂等水害事故,以大屯矿区7,8煤近距离厚煤层组工作面为例,在前期上层煤(7煤)覆岩破坏规律观测研究的基础上,近期采用井下“两带”观测仪观测了下层煤(8煤)的“两带”高度发育特征,从而在我国率先全面实测了近距离厚煤层组工作面覆岩破坏规律。结果表明:上层煤的底板破坏范围与下层煤垮落带发育范围有重合区域时,下层煤垮落带高度增大;下层煤综放开采按综合采厚计算的裂采比与以往单一煤层的裂采比较为接近,但按下层煤采厚计算的裂采比高于综放开采单一煤层的裂采比52%。“三下采煤规程”中的“两带”高度预计公式在近距离厚煤层组综放开采条件下应当进一步完善。 In order to further study the rule of overlying strata failure in fully mechanized caving mining of thick coal seam with close distance and to provide data basis for the safe coal (rock) column in the outcrop area, to guide the shallow face to prevent and treat water damage such as water and sand collapse, Based on the observation and study of overburden rock failure of the upper coal seam (7 coal) in the early stage, the underground coal seam 8 coal), thus taking the lead in our country to comprehensively measure the law of the overlying strata failure in the face of thick coal seam group. The results show that the height of the lower coal caving zone increases when the failure range of the upper coal floor overlaps with the development range of the lower coal caving zone. The fracturing and mining are relatively close, but the fracturing ratio calculated from the coal mining under the lower coal seam is higher than that of the single coal seam after 52% fully mechanized coal mining. The “two zones” height prediction formula in the “Three Lower Coal Mining Regulations” should be further perfected under the conditions of fully mechanized top coal caving mining with thick coal seams in the near distance.