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受青藏高原和印度洋暖湿气流的影响,西藏东南部分布着我国面积最大的海洋性冰川,这些海洋性冰川的长期运动产生了数量惊人的冰碛物,成为泥石流发育最重要的物源。多年来,西藏东南部的冰川泥石流频繁爆发,严重危及当地居民的生命财产、进藏交通系统的建设以及国际河流的安全。林芝地区波密县一直是区域冰川泥石流活动的中心,以2007年9月初波密县发生的几场泥石流为研究对象,结合波密气象站的气象数据,重点分析了前期气温和降水两个气象因子在该次群发性泥石流中的作用,构建了此次冰川泥石流暴发的前期水热条件,并以“9·4”松绕天摩沟泥石流为重点研究对象,分析了其形成机制。
Affected by the warm and humid air flow over the Tibetan Plateau and the Indian Ocean, southeastern Tibet is home to the largest marine glaciers in our country. The long-term movements of these marine glaciers have produced an astonishing amount of moraine and become the most important source of debris flow development. Over the years, the glacier and debris flow in the southeastern part of Tibet have been frequent and have seriously endangered the lives and property of local residents, the construction of the transport system into Tibet and the safety of international rivers. Bomi County, Nyingchi Prefecture has always been the center of glacial and debris flow activities in the region. Taking the debris flow in Bomi County in early September 2007 as the research object and the meteorological data of Bomi Station, the author focused on the analysis of the meteorological data Factor in this group of debris flow, the pre-hydrothermal condition of the glacial debris flow was established, and the “9 · 4” pine around the moat debris flow as the focus of the study, analyzed its formation mechanism.