20世纪70年代,继德沃金(G.Dworkin)和法兰克福(H.Frankfurt)率先对自主(autonomy)概念作了较为系统的阐述之后,自主概念成了辩论的焦点。总体而言,大多数学者和康德主义者不约而同地从“autonomy”英文字的希腊字源“autos”(self)和“nomos”(law)着眼,试图通过“为自己立法(self-legislation)”这个概念来理解“自主”。在探讨此种对于“自主”的理解时,我们面临着一个问题,即个体必须为自身制定什么样的行为法则,或者出于何种考虑来为自身制定的法则,才能表现出“自主”呢?倘若这个问题的答案是: In the 1970s, following the systematic elaboration of the concept of autonomy by G. Dworkin and H. Frankfurt, autonomous concepts became the focus of debate. In general, most scholars and Kantians are invariably looking at the Greek word “autos” and “nomos” (“law”) in the English word “autonomy” in an attempt to legislate for themselves through “ (self-legislation) ”to understand the concept of “ autonomy ”. When discussing this understanding of “autonomy ”, we face the question of what kind of rules of conduct an individual must make for himself or, at what considerations, the rules he has formulated to show Autonomy "? If the answer to this question is: