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目的分析台风伤害的危险因素。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,1:2配对的病例对照研究。对照组选伤害者邻居,按照同职业、同村庄、同性别和年龄±5岁配对。结果台风造成392人受伤住院治疗,50人死亡。伤害罹患率为27．3／10万,伤害致死率为11．3％,伤害死亡率3．1／10万。调查了209名受伤者和31名死亡者。发现伤害主要发生在台风来临前,其中台风来临前1～6小时之间有病例155例,占64．6％。209例伤害病例中,67．5％的病例曾得到过台风预警,但138名应答者中重视预警的只有47人,仅占34．0％。发现“台风来临时不在家中”[调整OR值(MH)=3．9 (95％CI:1．9～7．7)]、“台风来临前未得到预警”[调整OR值(MH)=3．3(95％CI:1．3～8．6)]和“虽得到预警但不重视”[调整OR值(MH)=17(95％CI:4．2～68)]是台风伤害的危险因素。结论外出、不重视预警是台风伤害的危险因素,应加强台风来临的预警宣传力度。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of typhoon injuries. Methods The field epidemiological survey method, 1: 2 paired case-control study. The control group selected the injured neighbor, according to the same occupation, with the village, same-sex and age ± 5 years old pairs. As a result, 392 people were injured in the hospital by typhoon and 50 died. The injury rate was 27.3 / 100,000, the injury fatality rate was 11.3% and the injury fatality rate was 3.1 / 100,000. 209 wounded and 31 fatalities were investigated. It was found that the injury occurred mainly before the advent of a typhoon, of which 155 cases were between 1 and 6 hours prior to the typhoon, accounting for 64.6%. Among the 209 cases of injury, 67.5% of the cases had been warned of the typhoon, but only 47 of them valued only early warning, accounting for only 34.0% of the 138 respondents. Found “not at home when typhoon approached” [adjusted OR (MH) = 3.9 (95% CI: 1.9 ~ 7.7)], “no warning before typhoon” [adjustment OR value 3.3 (95% CI: 1.3-8.6)] and “despite early warning but not important” [adjusted OR (MH) = 17 (95% CI: 4.2-68) Risk factors. Conclusions Going out and not paying attention to early warning are the risk factors of typhoon injuries. We should intensify the warning and propaganda of typhoon approaching.