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目的探索禽类外环境标本H7N9禽流感病毒阳性检出率的影响因素。方法 2014年1月—2015年4月间,通过监测网络收集厦门市禽类外环境标本886份,填写标本相关信息,采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对标本进行核酸检测,分析H7N9禽流感病毒阳性检出率的相关因素。结果 886份标本来源于69个监测点,检出H7N9阳性标本113份,阳性率为12.8%,39个监测点有H7N9阳性标本检出,阳性率为56.52%;来源于活禽市场的标本高于家禽规模养殖场和家禽散养户的标本,禽类饮水和清洗禽类污水检出率最高;标本送检越及时,阳性率越高;活禽市场采取休市后,若清洗和消毒不到位,短期内外环境仍有H7N9禽流感病毒检出,但人群发病数仍可迅速减少。结论人感染H7N9疫情流行前期,各地应通过合理布点提早开展禽类外环境监测,根据监测结果尽早采取各项干预措施;疫情流行期间,重点关注活禽市场,外环境中一旦检出H7N9禽流感病毒,要及时采取休市或关闭活禽市场等措施。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of positive detection rate of avian H7N9 bird flu virus. Methods From January 2014 to April 2015, 886 samples of poultry outside environment in Xiamen were collected through the monitoring network, and the relevant information of samples were filled in. The nucleic acids of samples were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and analyzed positive for H7N9 avian influenza virus Rate of the relevant factors. Results 886 samples were collected from 69 monitoring sites. 113 H7N9 positive samples were detected, the positive rate was 12.8%. H9N9 positive samples were detected in 39 monitoring sites with the positive rate of 56.52%. The samples from live poultry market were high In the poultry scale farms and poultry manners, the detection rate of poultry drinking water and washing poultry wastewater is the highest; the more timely the samples are delivered, the higher the positive rate; if the live poultry market is closed, if the washing and disinfection are not in place, H7N9 bird flu virus is still detected inside and outside the environment, but the number of people in the population can still be rapidly reduced. Conclusion In the pre-epidemic period of H7N9 human infection, the external environment monitoring of poultry should be carried out prematurely by reasonable distribution throughout the country. Various interventions should be taken as soon as possible based on the monitoring results. During the epidemic, the focus should be on the live poultry market. Once the H7N9 bird flu virus was detected, , We must promptly take the market closed or closed poultry and other measures.