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根据 黄土丘 陵区延安 、绥德和 离石等地 水平梯 田与坡耕 地径流小 区的降 雨侵蚀资 料,对在 不同降雨 条件下 水平梯田 的减水减 沙效益 进行了分 析,结果 为:当降 雨指标小 于坡耕地 侵蚀性 降雨标 准,即当 Pi30 < 4 .4 m m 2/ min , i30 < 0 .28 m m / min 时,水 平梯田发 挥不 出其 保持 水土作 用,水平 梯田的减 水减沙效 益为零 ;当 Pi30 在4 .4 ~50 m m 2/ min 之间 ,i30 > 0 .28 m m / min时,水 平梯田 的减水减 沙效益为 100 % ;当 Pi30 > 50 m m 2/ min , i30 > 0 .28 m m / min 时, 水平 梯田的 减水减 沙效益随 着 Pi30 的增大 而减小。 同时,水 平梯 田的 质量 对其 减 水减 沙 效益 影响 很大。 因此,水 平梯田发 挥其水土 保持效 益的前提 条件是 降雨量及 其强度, 质量则是 其充分发 挥水土 保持作 用的保证 。
Based on the data of rainfall erosion in horizontal terraces and sloping plots of runoff in Yan’an, Suide and Lishi areas in the loess hilly region, the benefits of water and sediment reduction in horizontal terraced fields under different rainfall conditions were analyzed. The results showed that when the rainfall index is less than Sloping arable land erosion rains, that is, when Pi30 <4. 4 m m 2 / min, i30 <0. At 28 m m / min, horizontal terraces can not play its role of soil and water conservation, and horizontal terraces have zero water and sediment reduction benefit. When Pi30 is 4. 4 ~ 50 m m 2 / min, i30> 0. At 28 m m / min, the benefit of water and sediment reduction in horizontal terraces is 100%; when Pi30> 50 m m 2 / min, i30> 0. At 28 m m / min, the benefits of water and sediment reduction in horizontal terraces decrease with the increase of Pi30. Meanwhile, the quality of terraced terraces has a great impact on the benefits of water and sediment reduction. Therefore, the preconditions for horizontal terraces to exert their benefits of soil and water conservation are the rainfall and its intensity, and the quality is the guarantee of giving full play to the role of soil and water conservation.