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为控制危险品运输对环境和居民造成的影响,基于不同运输决策者的路径选择要求,建立有关静态单点多目标约束条件下危险品道路运输路径优化的多个模型。分析危险品事故率影响范围、人口暴露、环境破坏和综合后果风险,并以距离、成本及风险最小化为目标,设计运输路径优化算法,运用灰色关联分析法(GRA)选出与“绝对最优路线”关联度最大的次优路线;最后以国内某公司的苯乙烯运输为例,验证模型和算法。结果表明,模型和算法适于求解危险品运输路径的优化问题,能得到运输时间较短、成本较低、对人和环境危害较小的最优路径。
In order to control the impact of the transportation of dangerous goods on the environment and residents, several models for the optimization of the transportation path of hazardous goods under static single-point multi-objective constraints are established based on the path selection requirements of different transportation decision-makers. This paper analyzes the impact range of dangerous goods accident rate, population exposure, environmental damage and the risk of comprehensive consequences. With the goal of distance, cost and risk minimization, the transportation path optimization algorithm is designed. Gray relational analysis (GRA) Optimal route "the most relevant suboptimal route; Finally, a company in the domestic styrene transport as an example, verify the model and algorithm. The results show that the model and algorithm are suitable for the optimization of transportation routes of dangerous goods, and the optimal route with shorter transportation time, lower cost and less harmful to people and the environment can be obtained.