消费结构反映消费的内容、质量和水平,消费结构决定居民生活质量。不断优化消费结构将促进产业结构升级、分配制度调整和市场规则完善,也是构建和谐社会的重要内容。基于1993-2013年陕西省城乡居民的收入和消费资料,从食品、衣着、居住、家庭设备用品、文教娱乐等方面对城乡居民的消费变动情况进行比较,用因子分析来找出影响城乡居民消费结构差距的支配因子,并提出缩小差距的对策。 The consumption structure reflects the content, quality and level of consumption, and the consumption structure determines the quality of life of residents. Constantly optimizing the consumption structure will promote the upgrading of the industrial structure, the adjustment of the distribution system and the improvement of market rules, and it is also an important part of building a harmonious society. Based on the income and consumption data of urban and rural residents in Shaanxi Province from 1993 to 2013, this paper compares the changes of urban and rural residents ’consumption from the aspects of food, clothing, housing, household equipment, education and entertainment. Factor analysis is used to find out the factors influencing the urban and rural residents’ consumption The dominant factor of the structural gap, and put forward the countermeasures to narrow the gap.