论文部分内容阅读
目的分析贵州省普安县A群流行性脑脊髓炎(流脑)暴发疫情的流行病学特征和引起暴发的原因,为今后流脑防控措施制定提供依据。方法回顾分析黔西南近年来流脑流行情况,对疫区进行了现场流行病学调查。结果本次流脑疫情共报告流脑确诊病例3例,其中实验室诊断1例,临床确诊2列,无死亡病例,罹患率为5.70‰;其中1例病例检出A群脑膜炎奈瑟氏球菌,经流行病学调查及实验室检测,该起疫情为A群流脑暴发流行。结论流脑疫苗的接种率偏低,适龄儿童未得到疫苗保护是造成该起暴发疫情的主要原因之一;流动、留守儿童的预防接种管理不到位,缺乏相关疫苗的免疫保护是引起本起疫情的原因之一。提高辖区儿童A群流脑等相关疫苗的接种率,特别关注流动、留守儿童的预防接种服务工作;加强流脑监测工作和对各级传染病报告管理及诊疗能力的培训是今后流脑防控的工作重点。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak of epidemic encephalomyelitis group A in Pu’an County, Guizhou Province and the causes of the outbreak, so as to provide basis for future prevention and control measures of epidemic encephalitis. Methods The epidemic situation of meningitis in southwest Guizhou Province was retrospectively analyzed, and the epidemiological investigation was carried out on the epidemic area. Results Three cases of meningitis were reported in this epidemic of meningococcal disease. Among them, 1 was diagnosed in laboratory and 2 were diagnosed clinically. There were no deaths and the attack rate was 5.70 ‰. One case was detected with Neisseria meningitidis group A Cocci, epidemiological investigation and laboratory tests, the outbreak of epidemic outbreaks of A group meningitis. Conclusion The vaccination rate of meningitis vaccines is low. One of the main causes of the outbreaks is the lack of vaccine protection for children of the same age. Vaccination management of migrant and left-behind children is not in place. The lack of vaccine protection is the cause of the outbreak One of the reasons. Increase the vaccination rate of the relevant group A and MTC related vaccines of the area’s children, paying particular attention to the vaccination services for migrant and left-behind children; strengthen the training of meningococcal monitoring and reporting management and diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases at all levels in the future The focus of work.