目的:观察中西医结合治疗小儿感染相关性粒细胞减少症的临床效果。方法:将小儿感染相关性粒细胞减少症患者共100例,随机分为对照2组各50例。对照组应用常规括基础护理、抗感染及口服鲨肝醇片治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合益气补阴中药方治疗。结果:总有效率观察组为100%,对照组为74.0%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后2组白细胞、中性粒细胞计数均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且治疗组上述指标升高较对照组更显著(P<0.05)。结论:中西医结合治疗小儿感染相关性粒细胞减少症疗效显著。 Objective: To observe the clinical effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment of infection-related neutropenia in children. Methods: A total of 100 patients with infection-related neutropenia in children, were randomly divided into two control group of 50 cases. The control group, including conventional care, anti-infection and oral batyl alcohol tablets treatment, the observation group in the control group based on the combination of Qi and Yin Prescription. Results: The total effective rate was 100% in the observation group and 74.0% in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). After treatment, the counts of leukocytes and neutrophils in two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P <0.05), and the above indexes in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Integrative treatment of children with infection-related neutropenia significant effect.