为提高波前传感器的波前探测速率,研究了基于全息术的无计算波前传感新方法。在薄全息图近似下,推导出基于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)算法的数值模型,并数值模拟了全息波前传感器对低8阶Zernike项像差的探测过程。结果表明,波前探测误差均方根值(RMS)为0.24rad。搭建实验平台对数值模拟的结果进行了验证,波前探测误差RMS值达到0.29rad。实验结果表明,基于全息术的无计算波前传感方法可以高效探测低阶Zernike像差。 In order to improve the wavefront detection rate of the wavefront sensor, a new method of wavefront estimation without holing is studied. Under the thin hologram approximation, a numerical model based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm is deduced and the process of detecting the low-order 8-order Zernike term aberration by the holographic wavefront sensor is numerically simulated. The results show that the root mean square error (RMS) of the wavefront detection error is 0.24 rad. The experimental platform was built to verify the results of numerical simulation. The RMS value of wavefront detection error reached 0.29 rad. The experimental results show that the non-calculated wavefront sensing method based on holography can effectively detect low-order Zernike aberrations.