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目的掌握连云港市肾综合征出血热(Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome,HFRS)的流行态势,为进一步开展防控工作提供参考依据。方法数据来源于连云港市疫情信息、赣榆县监测资料,利用Excel建立数据库,用IBM SPSS22.0版进行统计分析。结果连云港市2004-2015年共报告HFRS发病1 225例,年平均发病率2.20/10万,发病呈总体下降趋势;各县区均有HFRS病例报告,年平均发病率排前三位的分别是灌云县、市区、赣榆县;呈现明显的秋冬季发病高峰,秋冬峰占全年发病的79.18%;发病相对集中在30~69岁年龄段,占发病总数的83.27%;男女性别比为2.68∶1;发病职业构成中以农民为主,占82.86%;2004年以来赣榆县监测点每年春秋两季进行鼠密度和带毒率调查,共捕获鼠种2目3科5属6种,室内优势鼠种为褐家鼠,野外优势鼠种为黑线姬鼠,总捕获率3.41%,总带毒率1.00%,春秋两季捕获率和带毒率差异均无统计学意义(χ2=2.00,P=0.157);鼠总带毒指数与赣榆总发病率(Z=2.449,P<0.001)、春季带毒指数与春峰发病数(Z=1.429,P=0.034)、秋季带毒指数与秋峰发病数(Z=2.449,P<0.001),差异均有统计学意义且均呈正相关。结论连云港市HFRS发病高危人群为广大农村地区长期在野外从事农业工作的农民,发病高峰为野鼠型的秋冬峰。建议开展以疫苗接种保护高危人群为主,以防鼠、灭鼠、健康行为养成为辅的综合性防控措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological trend of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in Lianyungang and to provide a reference for further prevention and control. Methods Data were collected from epidemic situation in Lianyungang City and monitoring data of Ganyu County. The database was built by Excel and analyzed by IBM SPSS version 22.0. Results A total of 1 225 HFRS cases were reported in Lianyungang from 2004 to 2015, with an annual average incidence of 2.20 / 100 000. The overall incidence of HFRS was declining. HFRS cases were reported in all counties and the top three annual incidence rates were Guanyun County, Ganyu County and Ganyu County. The autumn and winter peaks were obvious, with autumn and winter peaks accounting for 79.18% of the annual incidence. The incidence was relatively concentrated in the age group of 30-69 years, accounting for 83.27% of the total. The sex ratio Accounting for 82.86% of the occupational occupational occupational diseases. The investigation of rat density and virulence in Ganyu County monitoring sites every year in spring and autumn since 2004 showed that there were altogether 2 orders, 3 families, 5 genera, 6 Species and indoor predominant species were Rattus norvegicus, and the dominant species in the field were Apodemus agrarius, with a total capture rate of 3.41% and a total virulence rate of 1.00%. There was no significant difference in capture rate and virulence rate between spring and autumn (χ2 = 2.00, P = 0.157). The total virulence index of rats and the total incidence of Ganyu fasciatus (Z = 2.449, P <0.001) The incidence of poisoning index and autumn peak incidence (Z = 2.449, P <0.001), the differences were statistically significant and all were positively correlated. Conclusion The population with high risk of HFRS in Lianyungang is the farmer who engaged in agricultural work for a long time in the countryside in most rural areas. Proposed to carry out vaccination to protect high-risk groups mainly to prevent rats, rodent control, health behavior, supplemented by a comprehensive prevention and control measures.