针对深部软岩巷道采用普通注浆工艺的不足,采用三步注浆工艺进行围岩加固,能取得更好的效果。对三步注浆浆液扩散机理进行探讨,并将三步注浆工艺应用于现场注浆工程。“一步”低压注浆充填壁后散体状碎石充填层,堵塞浅部围岩泄压通道;“二步”注浆主要针对围岩中的裂隙网络进行注浆,通过浆液固化充填、胶结作用提高围岩的自承载能力;“三步”注浆为预留注浆,对成型巷道变形较大处进行补强加固。虽然三步注浆工艺增加了注浆工序,但浆液扩散范围得到保证。注浆后检查影像表明:采用此注浆工艺的围岩注浆扩散深度普遍大于3 m,达到了预期注浆加固的有效范围。而注浆前后巷道的变形监测数据表明:三步注浆工艺大大改善了注浆加固围岩的效果,有效提高了岩体的自承载能力,围岩的整体稳定性得到有效控制。 Aiming at the insufficiency of ordinary grouting process in deep soft rock roadway, the three-step grouting technology is used to reinforce surrounding rock, which can achieve better results. The three-step grouting slurry diffusion mechanism is discussed, and the three-step grouting technology is applied to the grouting project. “Step ” low-pressure grouting Fill the wall after the filling of granular gravel, plugging the shallow rock pressure relief channel; “Two-step ” grouting mainly for the surrounding rock fracture network grouting, through the slurry Solidification filling, cementation to improve the self-carrying capacity of surrounding rock; “Three-step ” grouting to reserve grouting, reinforcement of the larger deformation of the shaped roadway reinforcement. Although the three-step grouting process increased grouting process, but the scope of slurry diffusion is guaranteed. After grouting inspection, the images show that the grouting diffusion depth of the surrounding rock with this grouting technology is generally more than 3 m, which has reached the expected effective range of grouting reinforcement. The deformation monitoring data of roadway before and after grouting show that the three-step grouting technology can greatly improve the effect of grouting reinforcement surrounding rock and effectively increase the self-bearing capacity of rock mass, and the overall stability of surrounding rock is effectively controlled.