目的　探讨婴幼儿高磷血症发生的原因及其与疾病的关系。方法　通过血生化分析仪以磷钼酸紫外线法测定血磷 ,筛查高磷血症 ,用MTB比色法测定血钙 ,并检验肝功能、心肌酶、肾功能。对疾病进行总结分类研究。结果　发现婴幼儿高磷血症 70例 ,占同期住院患儿的 18.37% ,血磷平均浓度为2 .2 0mmol/L。血钙平均 2 .4 1mmol/L ,低于正常范围 36例 (5 1.4 3% ) ,无一例高于正常范围。钙磷乘积均高于正常 ,平均 5 1.78,≥ 70者 13例 (2 5 % )。钙磷呈负相关 ,相关系数 (r) =- 0 .2 2。心、肝、肾重要器官损伤者占 75 .71%。结论　婴幼儿疾病状态下的高磷血症主要是内源性磷转移所致 ,低血钙也是诱发高磷因素之一 ,而血磷突然升高又可使血钙降低。 Objective To investigate the causes of neonatal hyperphosphatemia and its relationship with disease. Methods Blood phosphorus was detected by phosphomolybdic acid ultraviolet spectrophotometry by blood biochemical analyzer, hyperphosphatemia was screened, serum calcium was measured by MTB colorimetric method, and liver function, myocardial enzyme and renal function were tested. Summarize the disease classification research. The results showed that 70 cases of infantile hyperphosphatemia, accounting for 18.37% of hospitalized children in the same period, the average phosphorus concentration was 2.02mmol / L. Blood calcium an average of 2.4 1mmol / L, lower than the normal range of 36 cases (5 1.4 3%), no case higher than the normal range. Calcium and phosphorus products were higher than normal, with an average of 5 1.78, ≥ 70 in 13 cases (25%). Calcium and phosphorus were negatively correlated, the correlation coefficient (r) = -0.22. Heart, liver and kidney damage accounted for 75.71% of important organs. Conclusions Infantile hyperphosphatemia in the disease state is mainly caused by endogenous phosphorus transfer. Hypocalcemia is also one of the factors that induce high phosphorus. However, the sudden increase of serum phosphorus can reduce the blood calcium.