汉语词汇发展过程中,存在着一种普遍现象,即一组意义相近的同义或同类单音词,常由具有某一共同语素的词语替代。我们将之称为语素类化,即同义或同类词在语音表达形式上具有类聚性。语素类化可以分为同类词的语素类化与同义词的语素类化,后者常伴随着语义场内处于中心地位词的词义泛化。语素类化的本质是将同义或同类聚合中的共同性要素提取并以外化的词形体现出来,使同义或同类的聚合在表现形式上具有类推性和有序性,是词汇从派生阶段到合成阶段词汇系统向有序性发展的必然结果。 During the development of Chinese vocabulary, there is a common phenomenon that a group of synonymous or similar monosyllables with similar meanings are often replaced by words with some common morpheme. We will call it morpheme classification, that is, synonymous or similar words in the phonetic expression of the form of clustering. Morpheme classifications can be divided into the morpheme classifications of synonyms and the morpheme classification of synonyms, which is often accompanied by the semantic generalization of the central word in the semantic field. The essence of morpheme classifying is to extract the common elements from the same or similar kinds of aggregations and externalize it, so that synonymous or similar kinds of aggregates are analogical and orderly in their manifestations. The inevitable result of the orderly development of the vocabulary system from the stage to the synthesis stage.