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目的在禽畜饲养、销售、宰杀场所和发生人禽流感疫情的疫点开展人感染禽流感的监测,探索禽流感病毒感染人的流行病学特征。方法采集广州市禽流感相关高危人群的血清样本,用微量血凝抑制半加敏法进行检测。对监测到的H9N2阳性病例和H5N1的感染者进行流行病学调查。结果近年来广州市禽接触职业人群H9感染率为4．56％(0．51％～10．00％),各年龄组差异无显著性;H5N1患者有多个售卖活禽肉菜市场活动史,1例H9N2患者及1例H5N1感染者无直接接触禽类活动史,另1例H5N1感染者为活禽交易市场禽类宰杀人员。结论H5N1和H9N2可在相关高危人群造成隐性感染或轻症感染;除禽饲养场所外,农贸市场的活禽销售、宰杀场所也存在禽流感病毒感染的风险。
Objective To monitor the human infection of bird flu in the areas of livestock breeding, sale, slaughter and the outbreak of human bird flu and explore the epidemiological characteristics of people infected with the bird flu virus. Methods Serum samples from Guangzhou high-risk population of bird flu were collected and detected by semi-sensitization method. Epidemiological surveys were performed on patients with H9N2-positive and H5N1 infections. Results In recent years, the prevalence of H9 infection in poultry exposed to occupational groups in Guangzhou was 4.56% (0.51% -10.00%), with no significant difference among all age groups. The H5N1 patients had multiple market activities of live poultry meat dishes , One case of H9N2 and one case of H5N1 infection had no direct contact with the history of bird activity. The other case of H5N1 infection was the slaughter of poultry in live poultry markets. Conclusions H5N1 and H9N2 can cause latent infection or mild infection in the high-risk groups. In addition to the poultry breeding sites, there is also a risk of bird flu virus infection in live poultry sales and slaughterhouses in the farmer’s market.