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目的探索围青春期女生身体成分与体质量指数(BMI)的关系,为有针对性进行肥胖预防提供理论基础。方法以2015年1—12月天津市体质检测中心测试的10~16岁中小学女生2 023名为研究对象,测试其基本形态指标和身体成分。结果 10~16岁女生的BMI与体脂、体脂/身高2、体重、体脂百分比呈中高度相关(r值分别为0.905,0.891,0.844和0.878,P值均<0.01);BMI与去脂体重、去脂体重/身高2呈低到中度相关(r值分别为0.507,0.636,P值均<0.01)。11~16岁各年龄组体重、去脂体重均高于10岁时的体重、去脂体重,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。12~16岁各年龄组的脂肪重量均高于10岁时的脂肪重量,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。13,15,16岁时的BMI、体脂重量/身高2值高于10岁时的BMI、体脂重量/身高2;12,15,16岁时的去脂体重/身高2高于10岁时的去脂体重/身高2,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论围青春期尤其是12~13岁女生体质量指数和身体成分变动幅度大。应为不同年龄段的女生制定不同的体力活动及营养健康计划。
Objective To explore the relationship between body composition and body mass index (BMI) of adolescent girls in adolescence, and to provide a theoretical basis for targeted prevention of obesity. Methods A total of 2,023 primary and secondary school girls aged 10-16 years who were tested by the Tianjin Physical Examination Center from January to December in 2015 were selected as research objects to test their basic morphological indexes and body composition. Results The BMI was positively correlated with body fat, body fat / body height 2, body weight and body fat (r = 0.905,0.891,0.844 and 0.878, P <0.01) Lipid weight, lean body mass / height 2 showed a low to moderate correlation (r values were 0.507,0.636, P <0.01). The body weight and lean body mass of all age groups from 11 to 16 years old were higher than those of 10 years old, the weight of lean body was significant (P <0.05). The fat weight of all age groups from 12 to 16 years old was higher than that of 10 years old (P <0.05). 13,15 BMI at age 16, body weight / height 2 BMI higher than 10 years old, body fat weight / height 2; 12,15 Lifespan / height 2 at age 16, older than 10 years When the lean body mass / height 2, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The changes of body mass index and body composition in adolescence, especially 12 ~ 13 years old, vary greatly. Different physical activity and nutrition and health programs should be developed for girls of different ages.