世界中有许多动物的形象成为人类思想和观念的主观反映和表现,每个民族都有自己的文化传统、风俗习惯、历史环境和宗教信仰。因此,不同的民族表示同一个动物形象的语言符号也可能引起不同的情感想象,动物形象中注入了不同民族的思想和审美观。在本文中,我们利用有动物形象的成语、俗语、谚语,使用对比的修辞手法来分析中俄两国文学作品中它们的共同点和不同之处。 The image of many animals in the world has become the subjective reflection and expression of human thoughts and concepts. Each nation has its own cultural traditions, customs, historical environments and religious beliefs. Therefore, the linguistic signs that different peoples represent the same animal image may also cause different emotional imagination, and the animal images infuse different national thoughts and aesthetics. In this paper, we use animal idioms, idioms, proverbs and contrastive rhetoric to analyze their similarities and differences in literary works between China and Russia.