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狂犬病病毒可引起的人和动物急性致死性中枢神经系统感染。目前,狂犬病病毒属可分为7个基因型:基因1型,RABV;2型,LBV;3型,MOKV;4型,DUVV;5型,欧洲蝙蝠狂犬病病毒1(EBLV-1);6型,欧洲蝙蝠狂犬病病毒2(EBLV-2);7型,澳大利亚蝙蝠狂犬病病毒(ABLV)。引起人类狂犬病的病原主要是基因1型,其他基因型为狂犬病相关病毒。本文就狂犬病病毒的基因结构、血清型和基因型、致病性、分子流行病学等方面的研究进展作一综述。
Rabies virus can cause acute lethal CNS infection in humans and animals. Currently, the genus Rabies can be divided into seven genotypes: genotype 1, RABV; genotype 2, LBV; genotype 3, MOKV; genotype 4, DUVV; genotype 5, European bat lyssavirus 1 (EBLV- , European bat lyssavirus 2 (EBLV-2), type 7, Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV). The main cause of human rabies is genotype 1, the other genotypes are rabies-related viruses. This article reviews the research progress of rabies virus gene structure, serotypes and genotypes, pathogenicity and molecular epidemiology.