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在老龄化趋势加剧、家庭结构变革的背景下,养老问题将成为21世纪中国的重大社会问题。开展反向抵押贷款,能够有效缓解国家养老保障的压力,破解当前城市老年人“人活着,钱花没了”和“人死了,钱没花完”的双重窘境。本文针对中国现行制度框架,提出了一套由商业银行主导,保险公司、政府部门积极配合的反向抵押贷款新模式。该模式突破了中国开办反向抵押贷款的两大难题:一是通过引入政府主体,突破了住宅用地70年产权限制带来的障碍;二是通过引入保险公司主体,解决了银行的即期收益来源问题。
In the context of the aggravating trend of aging and the structural change of the family structure, the issue of providing for the aged will become a major social issue for China in the 21st century. Carrying out the reverse mortgage loan can effectively relieve the pressure of the national old-age security and solve the double dilemma of the current urban elderly, “people are living, money is spent”, and “people are dead and money is not spent.” In view of the current institutional framework in China, this paper proposes a new model of reverse mortgage backed by commercial banks and actively cooperated by insurance companies and government departments. This model has broken through two major problems that reverse reverse mortgage loans in China have started: First, through the introduction of government entities, it has broken through the obstacles brought by the restriction of residential land for 70 years; secondly, it has solved the bank’s immediate interest by introducing the main body of insurance companies Source problem.