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找矿模型建立、异常识别和异常评价是矿产预测中的3个主要环节,仅从地球化学异常识别和评价的视角进行探讨.首先,讨论了衬值异常、比值异常识别的方法和应用效果;其次,阐述了规格化面金属量、相似系数、剥蚀系数等3个评价参数的定义、内涵和计算方法,并用实例论述了其应用价值.实践表明,衬值能够有效识别弱缓异常,优选的元素对(组合)比值可以识别不同矿化类型和同一矿化类型成矿元素的主次;而重新厘定的规格化面金属量是示踪典型矿床主成矿元素和伴生元素的重要参数之一,相似系数和剥蚀系数分别是评价“观测样本”(预测区)与“标淮样本”(典型矿床)相似程度和剥蚀程度的重要指标.总之,无论是异常识别还是异常评价,其关键在于元素组合选取的合理性和遵循成岩-成矿-成晕同系统性以及多参数联合示踪的指导原则.
Mineral prospecting model establishment, anomaly identification and anomaly evaluation are the three main links in mineral prediction, which are discussed only from the perspective of geochemical anomaly identification and evaluation.Firstly, the methods of lining anomaly and ratio anomaly identification and the application effects are discussed. Secondly, the definition, connotation and calculation method of three evaluation parameters of normalized metal, similarity coefficient and denudation coefficient are expounded, and its application value is discussed with examples.It is shown that the lining value can effectively identify the weakness and abnormality, The element pair (combination) ratio can identify the primary and secondary mineralization elements of different mineralization types and the same mineralization; and the re-determined normalized surface metal amount is one of the important parameters for tracing the mineralization elements and associated elements of a typical deposit , Similarity coefficient and erosion coefficient are important indexes to evaluate the degree of similarity and denudation of “observed sample” (prediction area) and “standard sample” (typical deposit) respectively.In short, no matter whether it is abnormal identification or abnormal evaluation, The key lies in the rationality of elemental composition selection and follow the guiding principles of diagenesis - metallogenesis - halogenesis with systematic and multi-parameter joint tracing.