《Med J Australia》1983;2(9):411. 吸烟与各种肿瘤的危险性增加有关。据估计,几乎三分之一肿瘤病人的死亡都与吸烟有关。纸烟烟中一些物质的直接致癌作用已有详细记载。但吸烟对免疫系统的影响日益增加的现象以及这种影响有可能对确立的癌扩散的作用还不甚了解。譬如,两个中心治疗恶性黑素瘤病人的研究报告 Med J Australia 1983; 2(9): 411. Smoking is associated with an increased risk of various tumors. It is estimated that almost one-third of all cancer deaths are related to smoking. The direct carcinogenic effects of some substances in cigarette smoke have been well documented. However, the increasing effect of smoking on the immune system and the effect this may have on the established spread of cancer are still poorly understood. For example, two centers for the treatment of patients with malignant melanoma