儿童在遭受性侵害后常因语言完整表述上有困难,不知如何求救或求助;亦因无申诉能力而屡屡成为沉默受害者。这不但易造成其身心受创、人格发展偏差,长大后会表现出与他人有异的行为,甚至日后会无法维系正常婚姻关系或与子女亲情关系。从专业协助立场考虑,唯有多了解性侵害形成原因,方可提出有效的防范对策,以减少被性侵害的机会与概率。本文所讨论的内容主要包括:(1)提陈可印证的统计数据,以求唤起社会大众对儿童性侵害问题的正视;(2)提出不同理论述释,以求证明事实存在的严重性;(3)分析儿童会遭受性侵害的原因、掌握问题发生的背景因素,以推动防范措施;(4)陈述儿童受性侵害后会出现的行为特征,以提供必要的协助与保护。针对儿童性侵害相关议题,文中另有讨论。而鉴于美国政府在各地小学所施行的《性侵害预防教育方案》已有成效,故笔者建议:政府教育单位应借用此工作模式,全面地在各地小学实施该方案,让学童能学习到自我保护技巧与能力,以避免遭受性侵害。 Children often suffer from sexual assault after the language is completely difficult to express, I do not know how to help or for help; also because of the ability to complain and often become silent victims. This will not only easily result in physical and psychological damage to her personality, deviation in her personality development, she will show behavior different from others when she grows up, and will not even be able to maintain normal marital relations or her relationship with her children in the future. From the standpoint of professional assistance, only by understanding more about the causes of sexual assault can we put forward effective preventive measures so as to reduce the chances and probabilities of being sexually assaulted. The main contents discussed in this article include: (1) mentioning statistics that can be substantiated by Chen in order to arouse the public’s attention to sexual abuse of children; (2) putting forward different theoretical explanations in order to prove the seriousness of the factual existence; (3) Analyze the reasons why children will suffer from sexual abuse, and grasp the background factors of the problems in order to promote preventive measures; (4) State the behavioral characteristics that children will encounter when they are abused to provide the necessary assistance and protection. Other topics related to child sexual abuse are discussed in the article. In view of the effectiveness of the “Sexual Assault Prevention Education Program” implemented by the U.S. government in primary schools in various places, the author suggests that government education units should use this mode of work to comprehensively implement the program in all primary schools so that they can learn to protect themselves Skills and abilities to avoid sexual abuse.