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目的了解美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊接受治疗的海洛因成瘾者新型毒品滥用情况并分析相关影响因素,为制定美沙酮维持治疗门诊综合干预策略与措施提供依据。方法采用统一问卷对新疆乌鲁木齐市一家美沙酮维持治疗门诊接受治疗的242例海洛因成瘾者进行调查,同时做5项毒品尿代谢物检测。结果 107例自述既往使用过非阿片类的新型毒品,主要是出于好奇心使用并获取新型毒品,主要获得来源于毒友提供和黑市购买;年龄、婚姻状况、民族、新型毒品的认知中对新型毒品成瘾性、危害性、是否会对性行为产生影响、是否会影响美沙酮维持治疗,以及假如别人诱惑你使用新型毒品的态度,与既往使用新型毒品之间存在统计学差异(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析对新型毒品的认知中对新型毒品成瘾性、使用后会对坚持服用美沙酮产生影响、是否会对性行为产生影响3个变量的OR值分别是1.830,1.935和1.778;尿检发现合并使用新型毒品62例,阳性检出率25.62%。结论对毒品的认知、获取途径是促进MMT人群多药滥用的主要原因,加强MMT门诊服务措施及综合干预对减少美沙酮受治者多药滥用有重大意义。
Objective To understand the abuse of new drugs in heroin addicts treated in methadone maintenance (MMT) clinics and to analyze the related factors so as to provide evidence for the development of comprehensive intervention strategies and measures for methadone maintenance treatment clinics. Methods A total of 242 cases of heroin addicts treated with methadone maintenance treatment in Urumqi, Xinjiang were surveyed with a unified questionnaire. At the same time, five drug metabolites of urinary metabolites were tested. Results A total of 107 new narcotics-free narcotics were used in the past, mainly due to curiosity and access to new types of drugs, mainly obtained from venomous drug users and black market purchases; among age, marital status, ethnicity and new drug perception Whether addictive or harmful to new drugs affects sexual behavior will affect methadone maintenance treatment and if people are tempted to use new drugs, there is a statistically significant difference from previous drug use (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the new drug addiction to new drugs, the use of methadone will affect the use of sex, whether it will affect the sexual behavior of the three variables OR values were 1.830,1.935 and 1.778 Urine test found 62 cases of new drugs combined, the positive detection rate was 25.62%. Conclusion The cognition and access to drugs are the main reasons to promote the abuse of multidrugs in MMT population. It is of great significance to strengthen the outpatient services and comprehensive interventions to reduce the abuse of multidrugs in methadone controlled persons.