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为探究大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.)老化种子在萌发过程中淀粉代谢的劣变机制,采用高温高湿(40℃、80%相对湿度)的人工老化处理方法,模拟大麦种子自然老化过程,研究老化处理对大麦(甘啤4号、垦啤7号、P12-8和9810)种子发芽特性及其萌发早期(0~72h)籽粒淀粉含量和淀粉酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)随着老化时间的延长,4个大麦品种的发芽特性指标均呈现逐渐降低的趋势。(2)随着萌发时间的延长,4个大麦品种籽粒内支链淀粉和直链淀粉的含量均逐渐降低,α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶活性逐渐升高。相同萌发时间段随着老化程度的加深,籽粒内支链淀粉和直链淀粉的含量均呈现波动式增加;α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶活性均呈现降低的趋势;与对照相比,不同老化处理大麦籽粒的淀粉酶活性差异显著。(3)未萌发籽粒中检测不到α-淀粉酶活性,却检测到活性很小的β-淀粉酶。(4)萌发48~72h时,各大麦品种不同活力水平的籽粒内,淀粉含量和种子发芽特性指标均呈极显著负相关,淀粉酶活性和种子发芽特性指标均呈极显著正相关。
In order to explore the mechanism of deteriorating starch metabolism during germination of aged seeds of Hordeum vulgare L., artificial aging treatment of high temperature and high humidity (40 ℃, 80% relative humidity) was used to simulate the natural aging process of barley seeds and to study the effects of aging On the germination characteristics of barley (Ganpi 4, Kenpi 7, P12-8 and 9810) and the starch content and amylase activity in early germination (0 ~ 72h) of barley. The results showed that: (1) With the aging time prolonged, the germination characteristics of four barley varieties showed a decreasing trend. (2) The content of amylopectin and amylose in four barley cultivars decreased gradually with the prolongation of germination time, and the activities of α-amylase and β-amylase increased gradually. At the same germination time, the contents of amylopectin and amylose in grains fluctuated with the deepening of aging degree. The activities of α-amylase and β-amylase tended to decrease. Compared with the control, The amylase activity of the aged barley grain was significantly different. (3) The α-amylase activity was not detected in the non-germinating seeds, but the β-amylase with low activity was detected. (4) At 48 ~ 72h germination, the content of starch and the seed germination characteristics of all the barley cultivars with different vigor levels showed extremely significant negative correlation, while the amylase activity and seed germination characteristics indexes showed extremely significant positive correlation.