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目的研究PTEN、p21基因在哈萨克族食管癌中的表达。方法采用RT-PCR法检测PTEN、p21基因在48例哈萨克族食管癌组织及远端无癌组织中的表达,并分析其表达与肿瘤分化、TNM分期、临床分期、淋巴结转移的关系。结果 PTEN基因在癌组织和远端无癌组织中的表达阳性率分别为75%、45.8%,癌组织高于远端无癌组织(χ2=8.537,P<0.05);p21基因在癌组织和远端无癌组织中表达的阳性率分别为95.8%、97.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.344,P>0.05)。PTEN和p21表达与食管癌分化程度、不同浸润深度及有无淋巴结转移均无相关性。结论 PTEN、p21基因可能均不是哈萨克族食管癌的主要致病基因。
Objective To study the expression of PTEN and p21 genes in Kazakh esophageal cancer. Methods RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of PTEN and p21 in 48 Kazakh esophageal cancer tissues and distant non-cancerous tissues. The relationship between PTEN and p21 expression and tumor differentiation, TNM staging, clinical stage and lymph node metastasis was analyzed. Results The positive rates of PTEN gene expression in cancer tissues and distal cancer-free tissues were 75% and 45.8%, respectively, which were higher than those in distal cancer-free tissues (χ2 = 8.537, P <0.05) The positive rates of expression in distal cancer-free tissues were 95.8% and 97.9%, respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.344, P> 0.05). PTEN and p21 expression and esophageal cancer differentiation, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis were not related. Conclusions Both PTEN and p21 genes may not be the main causative genes of Kazakh esophageal cancer.