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目的分析1951-2014年隆林各族自治县疟疾疫情资料,探讨疟疾分布特征及流行规律,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法收集1951-2014年广西隆林各族自治县疟疾疫情资料,采用Excel 2007软件进行统计分析。结果 1951-2014年隆林各族自治县共报告疟疾病例93 460例。疟疾发病有两个高峰期,分别为20世纪50年代和70年代,年均疟疾发病率分别为3 237.94/10万和1 572.12/10万;20世纪80年代后疫情趋于平缓。2000年以前本地病例为主要病例类型,2008年后再无内源性疟疾病例报告。20世纪50年代病例以恶性疟为主,占45.01%(2 392/5 314);间日疟和三日疟次之,分别占33.72%(1 792/5 314)和19.55%(1 039/5 314);20世纪60年代后以间日疟为主,所占比例呈升高趋势;三日疟所占比例呈下降趋势,20世纪80年代后再无报告。20世纪90年代开始有输入性疟疾病例报告,该时期共报告51例,以间日疟为主,占98.04%(50/51),感染来源主要为国内疟疾流行疫区;2000年以后以恶性疟为主,占60.00%(21/35),感染来源主要为非洲、东南亚国家和地区。结论广西隆林各族自治县当地疟疾流行得到有效控制,但输入性疟疾疫情严峻,加强流动人口尤其是国外务工返乡人员的监测是当前及今后疟防工作的重点。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological data of malaria in Longlin Autonomous County from 1951 to 2014, investigate the distribution characteristics and prevalence of malaria, and provide basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods The epidemic data of malaria from 1951 to 2014 in Longlou Autonomous County were collected and analyzed by Excel 2007 software. Results A total of 93 460 malaria cases were reported in Longlin Autonomous County from 1951 to 2014. The incidence of malaria has two peak periods, respectively, in the 1950s and 1970s. The average annual incidence rates of malaria were 3 237.94 / 10 000 and 1 572.12 / 100 000 respectively. The epidemic tended to be gentle after the 1980s. Local cases were the major case types before 2000 and no endogenous malaria cases were reported after 2008. In the 1950s, the majority of cases were falciparum malaria, accounting for 45.01% (2 392/5 314), followed by malaria and malaria for 33.72% (1 792/5 314) and 19.55% (1039 / 5 314). After the 1960s, Malaria was the dominant species in Malaria. The proportion of Plasmodium falciparum was on the rise. The proportion of Malaria on the third day showed a decreasing trend, and no report was reported after the 1980s. In the 1990s, imported cases of malaria were reported. A total of 51 malaria cases were reported during the period, accounting for 98.04% (50/51) of all malaria cases. The main source of infection was endemic areas of malaria in the country. Since 2000, Malaria-based, accounting for 60.00% (21/35), the main source of infection for Africa, Southeast Asian countries and regions. Conclusion The endemic malaria prevalence in Longlou Autonomous County is effectively controlled. However, the epidemic of imported malaria is severe. Monitoring the floating population, especially those returning from home and abroad, is the focus of current and future malaria prevention.