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选择每穗粒数和每穗二次枝梗数差异大的2个水稻亲本CB1(每穗粒数87.83粒,每穗二次枝梗数12.77个)、CB4(每穗粒数150.70粒,每穗二次枝梗数25.75个),配制CB1×CB4组合,建立了相应的P1、F1、P2、B1、B2、F2群体,将其分为中季和晚季两个生产季节种植,考查了每穗粒数和每穗二次枝梗数性状。利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型理论的Akaike信息准则(AIC)在B1、B2、F2代中鉴定影响数量性状的主基因存在与否,主基因存在时,通过分离分析估计主基因和微效基因的遗传效应及所占总变异的分量。结果表明,每穗粒数在所有B1、B2、F2中均符合两对主基因+多基因模型模式,主基因遗传率为17.717%～63.562%,多基因遗传率为21.188%～59.449%,总基因型遗传率为76.029%～92.973%,每穗粒数遗传率受种植季别影响明显;每穗二次枝梗数在所有B1、B2、F2中均符合两对主基因+多基因模型模式,主基因遗传率为59.537%～71.787%,多基因遗传率为6.431%～23.870%,总基因型遗传率为78.121%～87.298%;每穗二次枝梗数遗传率受种植季别影响较小。
Two rice parents, CB1 (87.83 grains per spike, 12.77 ears per panicle) and CB4 (150.70 grains per panicle, The number of secondary branches was 25.75), and the CB1 × CB4 combinations were prepared to establish the corresponding population of P1, F1, P2, B1, B2 and F2, which were divided into two production seasons in mid-season and late-season, Number and the number of secondary branches per panicle number of traits. Using Akaike information criterion (AIC) of mixed gene model of major gene + polygene to identify the presence or absence of major genes affecting quantitative traits in B1, B2 and F2 generations, the major genes and micro-effects The genetic effect of the gene and its share of total variation. The results showed that the grain number per spike was in line with two major gene + polygene models in all B1, B2 and F2. The heritability of the major gene was 17.717% -63.562%, and the polygene heritability was 21.188% -59.449% The heritability of genotypes ranged from 76.029% to 92.973%. The heritability of grains per panicle was significantly affected by the planting seasons. The number of secondary branches per panicle accorded with two pairs of major genes plus polygene model in all B1, B2 and F2. The heritability of the major genes was 59.537% ~ 71.787%, the multiple gene heritability was 6.431% ~ 23.870%, the total heritability of the total genotypes was 78.121% ~ 87.298%. The heritability of secondary branches per spike was less affected by the planting seasons.