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原始生命向细胞进化所获得的重要形态特征之一,是生命物质外面出现了一层膜性结构,即细胞膜。细胞膜位于细胞表面,厚度通常为7～8nm,由脂类和蛋白质组成。对细胞表面形态的常规观察,主要用光镜和扫描电镜。这两种研究手段的不足是:光镜分辨率低,不能识别细胞的细微变化;扫描电镜的样品制备过程复杂,需对细胞进行特殊固定,可能失去细胞原本的生活形貌,且无法对细胞结构进行动态观察[1]。
One of the important morphological characteristics obtained by primitive life toward cell evolution is the appearance of a membranous structure outside the living matter, namely the cell membrane. Cell membrane is located on the cell surface, the thickness is usually 7 ~ 8nm, composed of lipids and proteins. The conventional observation of the cell surface morphology, the main use of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The shortcomings of these two research methods are: the low resolution of the light microscope can not identify the subtle changes of the cells; the preparation process of the SEM is complicated and the cells need to be fixed in a special way, which may lose the original living appearance of the cells and fail to regulate the cells Structure dynamic observation [1].