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1 引言物理学中对偶现象是很普遍的,对偶规则可以这样定义,它是以一种以A与B双线既平行又对应为基调的规则,A中有若干个因素,B中也有同样多的地位相等的对应的因素,若A成立,则将A中所有的因素替换成B中对应的因素,则B同样成立,反之亦然,这样一种关系则称A与B互为对偶。根据对偶规则,如果导出了某一个关系式、结论和组合结构,就等于解决了与之对偶的另一个关系式、结论和组合结构。
1 INTRODUCTION Duality in physics is common, and the duality rule can be defined in this way. It is a rule in which the two lines A and B are both parallel and correspond to each other. There are several factors in A, and there are also many in B. The corresponding factors of equal status, if A is established, all factors in A are replaced by corresponding factors in B, then B is also established, and vice versa. Such a relationship means that A and B are dual. According to the duality rule, if a certain relational expression, conclusion, and combinational structure are derived, it is equivalent to solving another relationship, conclusion, and combinational structure with its duality.