论文部分内容阅读
绪言“乡约”作为一种有成文条款规范的地方基层自治制度,从北宋开始出现,从明代开始流行,清代出现明显质变,直到民国时代仍然存在,影响及于朝鲜和越南(越南多称为俗例)。明清两朝历时五百多年,地大人众,地方基层行政村的里甲多不胜数,各处乡约除了基本的共性之外,都有其因独特的时、地、人、情因素而呈现的不同个性,情况不能一概而论。具体实施过的乡约,可以反映某时某地的乡村治理情况,拟议而未必施行的乡约,其条文也可以反映设
As a kind of local grass-roots autonomy system with written provisions, it began to appear from the Northern Song Dynasty, became popular from the Ming Dynasty, and markedly changed in the Qing Dynasty until the Republican era, More known as the common practice). During the Ming and Qing dynasties, which lasted more than 500 years, most of the people and local grass-roots administrative villages were numerous. In addition to their basic commonalities, the townships around the country all had their unique characteristics of time, place, people and love The different personality presented, the situation can not be generalized. The specific implementation of the rural treaty, can reflect a certain period of rural governance, proposed and may not be implemented in the country, its provisions can also reflect the provisions of