采用多元相关、多元回归分析方法 ,分析了山西省旱地小麦产量构成因素。结果表明 ,山西省旱地小麦在不同的生态区域、不同的肥力条件下 ,决定产量的主导因子有所不同。南部中熟冬麦区 ,肥旱地和薄旱地决定产量的主导因子均为穗数 ;而中部晚熟冬麦区 ,肥旱地决定产量的主导因子是穗粒数 ,薄旱地决定产量的主导因子是穗数和穗粒数。同时对株高与产量的相关性也进行了分析 ,结果表明 ,在山西省旱地小麦上 ,株高与产量呈极显著正相关 Using multivariate correlation and multiple regression analysis methods, the yield components of dryland wheat in Shanxi Province were analyzed. The results showed that the main factors determining the yield of dry land wheat in Shanxi Province were different in different ecological regions and different fertility conditions. The middle and late winter wheat area and the dry land in the middle part of China are dominated by the number of grains per spike. The main factor determining the yield in the dry land is panicle Number and grain number per spike. The correlation between plant height and yield was also analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between plant height and yield in dryland wheat in Shanxi Province