目的探讨二甲基砷酸(dimethylarsinic acid,DMAⅤ)对大鼠膀胱上皮细胞IKKα和p65表达的影响。方法雌性Wistar大鼠60只,随机均分为对照组和100 ppm、200 ppm DMAⅤ染毒组3组,经饮用水染毒10周后处死。通过Real Time PCR法测定大鼠尿中膀胱上皮细胞中IKKα和p65的mRNA表达情况。采用免疫组化法观察大鼠尿中膀胱上皮细胞中IKKα、p65蛋白表达情况。结果 100 ppm DMAⅤ染毒组大鼠膀胱上皮细胞IKKαmRNA的表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),p65 mRNA表达差异无统计学意义,而IKKα蛋白表达以及核内p65阳性率均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);200 ppm DMAV染毒组膀胱上皮IKKα、p65的mRNA表达与对照组差异无统计学意义,唯见核p65阳性率有所上升(P<0.05)。结论低剂量DMAⅤ可以激活大鼠膀胱上皮细胞内NF-κB信号通路。 Objective To investigate the effect of dimethylarsinic acid (DMAⅤ) on the expression of IKKα and p65 in rat bladder epithelial cells. Methods Sixty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and 100 ppm 200 ppm DMAV three groups. After drinking for 10 weeks, they were sacrificed. The mRNA expression of IKKα and p65 in rat urinary bladder epithelial cells was determined by Real Time PCR. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression of IKKα and p65 protein in urinary bladder epithelial cells of rats. Results The expression of IKKαmRNA in bladder epithelial cells in 100 ppm DMAV treatment group was significantly increased (P <0.05), while the expression of IKKα protein and nuclear p65 in control group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.01). The mRNA expression of IKKα and p65 in bladder epithelial cells in 200 ppm DMAV group was not significantly different from that in control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Low-dose DMAV can activate NF-κB signaling pathway in rat bladder epithelial cells.