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在光学显微成像领域,涌现出一批可以突破衍射极限的超分辨显微成像技术,极大地增强了人们研究亚细胞结构的能力.基于单分子定位技术的随机光学重构显微术(Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy,STORM)具有易懂的成像原理、简单的工作方式以及超高的分辨率等特点,受到越来越多的研究者青睐.首先,介绍了单分子定位技术的原理,讨论了STORM光路的搭建,阐述了二维和三维STORM超分辨显微成像原理.其次,探讨了多色STORM以及STORM与电镜关联成像现状.最后介绍了STORM技术现阶段的应用进展.“,”A batch of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy technologies have been invented to overcome the diffraction limit of traditional optical microscopy. It thereby greatly enhances the capacity of sub -cellular structure investigation. Among these super -resolution microscopy, Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) based on single molecule localization has attracted more and more attention by researchers due to its straightforward principle, simple operation mode as well as super-high resolution. First, the basic principle of single molecule localization was introduced, the design of the light path of STORM was discussed, and the principles of 2D-STORM and 3D-STORM were provided. Then, the development of multi-color imaging as well as correlative STORM and electron microscopy were discussed. Finally, some recent typical researches depending on STORM were presented.