学界对明代战争的研究,已称硕果累累,但明初与蒙古各部的关系,却一直未引起注意,这与整个明史研究是不相称的。为弥补这一不足,并对明代抗击瓦刺战争的由来给予说明,特作此文,深望各位专家教正。1 公元1368年(元至正二十八年,明洪武元年)农历闰七月二十八日,明军攻占通州,迫近大都,元朝皇室乘夜逃出建德门,仓皇北窜。元朝在全国的统治被推翻了。但以元顺帝妥懽贴睦尔为首的统治集团仍以和林(今乌兰巴托西南)、应昌(捕鱼儿海附近’)为中心,在漠北草原建立了新的统治,仍号“元朝”,史称“北元”。北元统帅扩廓帖水儿(汉名王保保)拥有重兵,时常伺机袭扰中原军民,成为洪武时期最大的边患。对此明太祖朱元璋多次致函元帝,遣返北元战俘表示友善,暗中则调集 The study of the Ming Dynasty war has claimed great achievements. However, the relationship between the ministries and the ministries in the early Ming Dynasty has not drawn any attention. This is not commensurate with the study of the entire Ming Dynasty. To make up for this deficiency, and to explain the origin of the War against Washington in the Ming Dynasty, this article is specially prepared for this article and we deeply hope that all the experts will correct it. 1 AD 1368 (Yuan Zhengzheng Twenty-eight years, the first year of Ming Hongwu) Lunar Intercalate July 28, the Ming army captured Tongzhou, approaching most of the way, the Yuan Dynasty royal night escaped Jiande Gate by night, panic North channeling. Yuan dynasty in the country was overthrown. However, the ruling group led by Yuan Shundi to Chechnya still established a new dominance in the Mobei grassland centering around Hualin (now southwest of Ulan Bator) and Yingchang (near fishing sea of ​​fish) Still number “Yuan Dynasty”, known as the “North yuan.” North Korea commander profile profile posts water (Han name Wang Bao Bao) has heavy equipment, often opportunistic raid Central Plains military and civilian, Hongwu became the largest side. In this regard, the emperor Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang sent several letters to the Yuan emperor, repatriation of North Korean prisoners of war that friendship, secretly is transferred