目的探讨纤维支气管镜(简称纤支镜)技术在ICU中抢救治疗危重病患者各种呼吸危重情况的应用价值。方法 1例呼吸骤停、脑死亡患者入住ICU75d,完全呼吸机辅助呼吸,病程中采用纤支镜治疗36次,用于肺复张、机械通气过程中纤支镜检查、获取痰培养,吸痰、支气管冲洗、支气管肺泡灌洗、止血治疗等情况。对比吸痰前1h、吸痰后1、4、7、10、13h PO2、PCO2、PO2(A-a)及吸痰前、后血压、心率变化。结果肺复张3次,成功率100%,36次均进行机械通气过程中纤支镜检查、获取痰培养,100%成功。支气管肺泡灌洗7次、止血治疗3次,2次成功,成功率66%。结论纤维支气镜技术在ICU重症患者中具有较大的临床应用价值。 Objective To investigate the value of bronchoscopy (bronchofibroscopy) technique in rescue and treatment of various critical respiratory diseases in ICU. One case of respiratory arrest, brain death patients admitted to ICU75d, completely ventilator-assisted breathing, the course of bronchoscopy 36 times for lung recruitment, mechanical ventilation during bronchoscopy, access to sputum culture, sputum aspiration, Bronchial irrigation, bronchoalveolar lavage, hemostasis and so on. The changes of PO2, PCO2, PO2 (A-a) at 1, 7, 7 and 13 h after sputum aspiration and the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were compared before and after suctioning 1 h before sputum aspiration. Results The lungs were recurred 3 times and the success rate was 100%. Thirty-six lung biopsy specimens were examined by fiberoptic bronchoscopy during the period of mechanical ventilation, and sputum cultures were obtained with 100% success. Bronchoalveolar lavage 7 times, hemostasis 3 times, 2 times, the success rate of 66%. Conclusion Fiberoptic bronchoscopy has great clinical value in severe ICU patients.