The airline industry is a representative industry with high cost and low profitability.Therefore,airlines should carefully plan their schedules to ensure that overall profit is maximized.We review the literature on airline planning and scheduling and focus on mathematical formulations and solution methodologies.Our research framework is anchored on three major problems in the airline scheduling,namely,fleet assignment,aircraft routing,and crew scheduling.General formulation,widely used solution approaches,and important extensions are presented for each problem and integrated problems.We conclude the review by identifying promising areas for further research.