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目的总结中国赴海地医疗防疫救护队的血液保障经验,增强应急状态下的血液保障能力。方法血液保障采取以人员储备为主、实物储备为辅的模式。携行的20 UO型悬浮红细胞装在自行研制的运血箱中,以相变保温材料为冷媒。采用飞机运输,在运输途中每4 h观察一次血液温度。抵达海地后采用磁珠法快速分离血浆观察质量,并通过胶体金法快速检测血浆游离血红蛋白含量。撤回的血液在4℃继续储存,至d 35有效期时采用电镜观察红细胞形态。结果救护队从南京出发至海地太子港全程共计约90 h,从太子港营地返回至南京全程共计约62 h。尽管运输途中环境温度变化较大,但运血箱内血液温度始终处于1～10℃。磁珠法快速分离血浆及胶体金法检测显示运至海地的红细胞溶血指标没有超过标准。电镜检查显示,撤回的红细胞在继续储存至d 35时异常形态者增加,但与正常对照组相比并无明显区别。结论利用自行研制的运血箱和相变保温材料,悬浮红细胞经长时间运输后,温度和溶血指标均正常,圆满完成血液保障任务。
Objective To summarize the blood protection experience of the medical and epidemic prevention team from Haiti to Haiti and to enhance the blood support ability under emergency conditions. Methods blood protection to take the main reserve, supplemented by physical reserve model. Carry 20 UO-type suspension of red blood cells installed in its own research and development of blood donation box to phase change insulation materials as a refrigerant. Aircraft transport was used to observe the blood temperature every 4 hours during transit. After arriving in Haiti, the method of magnetic beads was used to rapidly separate the quality of plasma observation, and the plasma free hemoglobin content was rapidly detected by colloidal gold method. The withdrawn blood was stored at 4 ° C until the D 35 expiration observed by electron microscopy erythrocyte morphology. Results The ambulance team departed from Nanjing to Port-au-Prince for a total duration of about 90 hours and returned to Nanjing from Port-au-Prince camp for a total of about 62 hours. Although the transport environment temperature changes, but the blood in the blood tank is always at 1 ~ 10 ℃. The rapid separation of plasma and colloidal gold beads by magnetic beads method showed that the hemolysis index of red blood cells transported to Haiti did not exceed the standard. Electron microscopy showed that the number of abnormal erythrocytes withdrawn at d 35 continued to increase, but there was no significant difference from the control group. Conclusions The temperature and hemolysis indexes of suspended erythrocytes were all normal after the transport of suspended erythrocytes for a long time with the self-developed blood transfer tank and phase change thermal insulation material, which fulfilled the task of blood security satisfactorily.