一、社会团结:类型与过程任何社会能够存在本身就蕴涵着某种团结(solidarity)形式。甚至可以说,团结是社会得以存在的基本前提之一。因为,作为共同体的社会归根结底是由个体构成的,但是它又并非个体的简单总和,而是个体的聚合、结晶以及行为互动,从而形成外在于个体并对个体形成强制、约束的普遍存在的客观的“社会事实”。这才是社会的真实所在。社会团结正是这样一种聚合状态,一种固体化、结晶化的过程(solidarization)。 I. Social Solidarity: Types and Processes The existence of any society inherently implies a form of solidarity. It can even be said that unity is one of the basic premises for the existence of society. Because the community as a community is ultimately composed of individuals, it is not a simple summation of individuals, but an aggregation of individuals, crystallization and interaction of behaviors, thus forming a pervasive objective of being external to the individual and forcing the formation and compulsion of the individual “Social Facts ”. This is the real place of society. Social solidarity is such a state of aggregation, a solidification, crystallization process (solidarization).