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目的分析2007-2015年北京市手足口病的流行病学及病原学特征,为手足口病的防控提供科学依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法对2007-2015年北京市手足口病监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2007-2015年北京市累计报告手足口病278 577例,重症1 759例,死亡38例,手足口病年均发病率为164.07/10万,发病高峰集中于5-7月份,年均报告发病率居前5位的区为通州区、昌平区、大兴区、丰台区及顺义区;报告发病以5岁及以下儿童为主,占手足口病报告总数的90.07%;职业分布以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,分别占发病总数的52.18%和40.79%;共报告手足口病实验室确诊病例14 380例,其中柯萨奇病毒A16型(Cox A16)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和其他肠道病毒分别占37.30%、34.04%和28.80%。结论北京市手足口病发病呈高发态势,手足口病的时间、地区及人群分布特征明显,优势病原分型构成发生变化,手足口病防控工作仍面临较大压力。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Beijing from 2007 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of hand-foot-mouth disease surveillance in Beijing from 2007 to 2015. Results A total of 278 577 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Beijing in 2007-2015, including 1 759 cases of severe disease and 38 cases of death. The annual average incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease was 164.07 / 100 000 and the peak incidence was in May-July. The areas with the top 5 incidences were Tongzhou District, Changping District, Daxing District, Fengtai District and Shunyi District. The reported incidence was mainly children aged 5 years and below, accounting for 90.07% of the total number of reported hand-foot-mouth disease. Occupational distribution was mainly for diaspora And childcare children respectively, accounting for 52.18% and 40.79% of the total respectively. A total of 14 380 cases of laboratory hand-foot-mouth disease were reported, of which Cox A16 (Cox A16), 71 ) And other enterovirus accounted for 37.30%, 34.04% and 28.80% respectively. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Beijing shows a high incidence. The distribution characteristics of HFMD in time, area and population are obvious. The distribution of the dominant pathogen is changed, and the prevention and control of HFMD are still under great pressure.