随着我国现代化进程的高速发展,陶瓷及陶瓷基复合材料由于其优良的抗腐蚀、抗磨损和耐高温等性能,已经越来越多地应用在航天、卫星和导弹等高技术领域,在国民经济建设中发挥着越来越重要的作用。但是由于陶瓷的本征脆性,这类材料也最容易发生突发性事故、成为最不安全的材料,使得它们的可靠性评价和寿命预测非常困难,尤其是在各种常规仪器和方法都无法实施的高温和超高温等极端特殊环境条件下。陶瓷的失效往往具有突发性和灾难性,主要表现为极限应变小、裂纹扩展速率快、塑性变形极小、损伤容限低等。对材料力 With the rapid development of China’s modernization, ceramic and ceramic matrix composites have been increasingly used in high-tech fields such as aerospace, satellite and missile because of their excellent corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance and high temperature resistance. Economic construction is playing an increasingly important role. However, due to the inherent brittleness of ceramics, such materials are also the most prone to sudden accidents, becoming the most unsafe materials, making their reliability evaluation and life prediction very difficult, especially in a variety of conventional instruments and methods are not The implementation of high temperature and ultra-high temperature and other extreme special environmental conditions. The failure of ceramic is often sudden and catastrophic, mainly manifested as small limit strain, crack propagation rate, minimal plastic deformation, low damage tolerance. The material force