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目的分析2006-2015年重庆市围产儿死亡发生情况,为减少围产儿死亡制定预防保健措施提供科学依据。方法对2006-2015年孕满28周至产后7 d的围产儿死亡进行监测,观察围产儿死亡发生的动态变化情况。结果 2006-2015年重庆市医院监测围产儿死亡11 039例,死亡率平均为9.07‰,年度间死亡率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=296.687,P<0.01)。男性围产儿死亡率平均为8.96‰,而女性围产儿死亡率平均为9.20‰;<20岁产妇组、20岁~<35岁产妇组、≥35岁产妇组平均围产儿死亡率分别为14.17‰、7.96‰、16.25‰。2015年重庆市围产儿死亡死因构成前5位分别是出生缺陷(29.78%)、孕母合并症(8.27%)、脐带因素(6.48%)、早产或低出生体质量(4.39%)、胎盘因素(3.80%)。结论重庆市迫切需要加强出生缺陷3级预防、提高产前诊断技术,强化孕期保健服务能力建设,从而达到减少围产儿死亡的目的。
Objective To analyze the incidence of perinatal deaths in Chongqing from 2006 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of perinatal deaths. Methods Perinatal mortality was monitored between the 28th week of pregnancy and the 7th day of postpartum from 2006 to 2015, and the dynamic changes of perinatal death were observed. Results From 2006 to 2015, 11 039 cases of perinatal death were monitored in Chongqing Municipal Hospital. The average mortality rate was 9.07 ‰. There was significant difference in annual mortality rate between the two groups (χ2 = 296.687, P <0.01). The average perinatal mortality rate for males was 8.96 ‰, while the average perinatal mortality rate for females was 9.20 ‰. The average perinatal mortality rates for males aged <20, males aged 20 to 35, males ≥35 were 14.17 ‰ , 7.96 ‰, 16.25 ‰. The five death causes of perinatal death in Chongqing in 2015 were birth defects (29.78%), maternal complications (8.27%), umbilical cord factors (6.48%), preterm birth or low birth weight (4.39%), placental factors (3.80%). Conclusion There is an urgent need to strengthen tertiary prevention of birth defects in Chongqing, improve prenatal diagnosis techniques and strengthen the capacity building of health care services during pregnancy so as to reduce the perinatal death.