转台系统是多轴机床的基本组件,因此转台系统的几何误差检测对于多轴机床的误差补偿有重要意义。提出了一种基于激光跟踪仪的转台系统几何误差检测方法,利用齐次坐标变换建立转台系统的误差模型,并给出几何误差与空间误差之间的关系。利用激光跟踪仪检测转台上不共线的三个点的空间坐标并得到各点的空间误差,再逆用误差模型,建立了包含六项几何误差的方程组。求解方程组,获得了转台系统的六项几何误差的解析表达式。将检测方法应用于某转台系统的几何误差检测,并通过对比实验证明了该方法的有效性。 Turntable system is the basic component of multi-axis machine tools, turntable system geometry error detection for multi-axis machine error compensation is important. A geometric error detection method of turntable system based on laser tracker is proposed. The error model of turntable system is established by using homogeneous coordinate transformation, and the relationship between geometrical error and space error is given. The laser tracker is used to detect the space coordinate of three points that are not collinear on the turntable and get the space error of each point. Then, by using the error model, an equation set including six geometric errors is established. Solving the system of equations, the analytic expression of the six geometric errors of turntable system is obtained. The detection method is applied to the geometric error detection of a turntable system, and the effectiveness of the method is proved through comparative experiments.