失依儿童是指由于各种原因失去生身父母和其他具有亲情关系的成年人正式照顾的16岁以下儿童,他们或是由于父母亡故,或是由于法律原因不能与自己的父母共同生活,抑或是其他各种无法得到成年人的正式照顾,只能由社会中的他人或是机构才能维持自己的生活。家庭寄养是一种通过社会儿童福利机构,通过一定的手续使失依儿童进入那些愿意对他们承担家庭责任的家庭实施养育的方式。在家庭寄养中,失依儿童可得到寄养父母的关爱,以及多位家人的照看,从而享受到有利于他们成长的家庭生活氛围。因而家庭寄养是我国儿童社会福利社会化改革的方向。家庭寄养这一新的养育孤儿方式,需要专门机构和新制度。昆明市儿童福利院积极探索了家庭寄养这种养育失依儿童的新方式。 Children who are out of children are children under the age of 16 who have been formally taken care of by parents and other relatives for a variety of reasons and who have either died because of their parents or because of legal reasons they could not live with their parents or Other kinds of formal care that can not be given to adults can only be sustained by others or institutions in society. Family foster care is a way through which social child welfare agencies can, through certain formalities, bring children out of reach of families willing to take on their family responsibilities. In family foster care, children who have lost their children receive the care of foster parents and the care of many families so as to enjoy the family atmosphere conducive to their growth. Therefore, family foster care is the direction of social reform of children’s social welfare in our country. The new mode of parenting foster parenting requires specialized agencies and new institutions. Kunming Children’s Welfare Institute has actively explored the family foster care this new way of raising children lost.