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研究运用混合多体动力学方法建立大型水平轴风力机组整机动力学模型,模型由叶片等柔性构件和机舱等相对刚性的构件组成。对柔性构件,应用超级单元(superelement)的建模方法,将其离散为由带有力元弹簧和阻尼器的万向节连接的有限个刚体,导出反映构件横向和扭转变形的弹簧刚度系数计算方法;多体系统中各刚体通过约束和铰相联系,应用Lagrange方程建立系统运动微分方程。通过单叶片的动力特性分析,研究超级单元中弹簧刚度系数的计算方法及其计算结果的影响;对一个1.5MW风力机组进行的系统动力特性分析表明:混合多体建模方法可用较少的自由度充分反映系统的振动形态和相互影响,也为风力机系统气弹耦合及其稳定性分析提供了适当的建模方法。
The research uses hybrid multi-body dynamics method to establish the whole-body dynamic model of a large-scale horizontal axis wind turbine. The model consists of relatively rigid components such as blades and nacelle. For the flexible component, the method of modeling the superelement is discretized into a finite number of rigid bodies connected by a universal joint with a force element spring and a damper, and a method for calculating the spring rate coefficient reflecting the lateral and torsional deformation of the component is derived In rigid body of multi-body system, the Lagrange equation is used to establish the system of motion differential equations by means of constraints and hinges. Based on the analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the single blade, the calculation method of the spring stiffness coefficient in the super-unit and the calculation results are studied. The analysis of the system dynamic characteristics of a 1.5MW wind turbine shows that the hybrid multi-body modeling method can use less freedom The degree fully reflects the vibration shape and interaction of the system, and also provides an appropriate modeling method for the aerodynamic coupling and stability analysis of the wind turbine system.